Stacking faults are seen to be abundant in epitaxial Co films grown on excess Ga covered GaN(0001)-”"1 x 1″” surface. Such stacking defects are effectively suppressed in Co films grown on less excess Ga covered GaN(0001)-(1 x 1) surfaces. The hetero-interface between Co and GaN(0001) is characterized by a disordered or

amorphous region, and diffusion of Ga and N from the substrate into Co is suggested. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3652761]“
“Two new flav-3-en-3-ol glycosides, kaempferiaosides BLZ945 C (3) and D (4), and two new acetophenone glycosides, kaempferiaosides E (5) and F (6), were isolated from the Thai natural medicine Krachai Dum, the rhizomes of Kaempferia parviflora Wall. ex Baker. Their structures were established mainly on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectral data.”
“Background

Testicular neoplasms

resembling ovarian serous tumors are rarely reported. We describe the first fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) finding of this type of tumor.

Case

A 35-year-old man presented with an enlarged right testis. Based on clinical observation, we hypothesized that it was selleck kinase inhibitor a malignant tumour FNA cytology findings revealed numerous papillary clusters, glandular-like structures and many isolated round cells. Metastatic papillary adenocarcinoma was suspected based on FNAB cytology. A right radical orchiectomy was performed, and histologic tissue examination was used to diagnose the tumor as a benign papillary serous cystadenoma.

Conclusion

Papillary serous cystadenoma of the testis is a rare tumour. The cytologic findings of this tumor are confusing and difficult. P005091 to diagnose. Clusters of epithelial cells with

a high nuclear to cytoplasm ratio, are mistake for features of a malignant tumor (Acta Cytol 2009;53:467-470)”
“The only unequivocal radiological effect of the Chernobyl accident on human health is the increase in thyroid cancer in those exposed in childhood or early adolescence. In response to the scientific interest in studying the molecular biology of thyroid cancer after Chernobyl, the Chernobyl Tissue Bank was established. The project is supported by the governments of Ukraine and Russia, and financially supported (in total around US$3million) by the European Commission, the National Cancer Institute of the USA and the Sasakawa Memorial Health Foundation of Japan. The project began collecting a variety of biological samples from patients on 1 October 1988, and has supplied material to 21 research projects in Japan, the USA and Europe. The establishment of the Chernobyl Tissue Bank has facilitated co-operation between these research projects and the combination of clinical and research data provides a paradigm for cancer research in the molecular biological age. (C) 2011 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“A two-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) model of an ablation-dominated capillary discharge is developed.

02). Among children with a bulging or perforated tympanic membrane (206 episodes, 104 subjects), those

who had the IL-1 beta(+3953) polymorphism, experienced higher symptom scores (P < 0.02).

Conclusion: This is the first report of the association between risk factors and acute otitis media severity. Risk factors such as tobacco smoke exposure and a positive family history appear to be more significantly associated with acute otitis media severity than proinflammatory gene polymorphisms. Clinical severity may be an important factor contributing to the incidence and costs of acute otitis media, because children with more severe symptoms might be more likely to be brought for a medical buy Bucladesine visit, receive a diagnosis of acute otitis media, and be prescribed an antibiotic. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Angiofibromas (AFs) are benign, potentially

click here local aggressive, and rich vascular neoplasms that originate from posterior lateral wall of the nasopharynx in adolescent males. However, they could be encountered in sites other than nasopharynx. The maxillary sinus is the most common location of extranasopahryngeal AFs. The nasal septum is an extremely rare location, and only 15 cases had been reported in literature.

In this present case, an unusual extranasal AF originating from the anterior part of the nasal septum is reported with its clinical, laboratory, and treatment options and theories proposed Anlotinib price to explain the origin of extranasopharyngeal

AFs are discussed.”
“We present a new diffeomorphic surface mapping algorithm under the framework of large deformation diffeomorphic metric mapping (LDDMM). Unlike existing LDDMM approaches, this new algorithm reduces the complexity of the estimation of diffeomorphic transformations by incorporating a shape prior in which a nonlinear diffeomorphic shape space is represented by a linear space of initial momenta of diffeomorphic geodesic flows from a fixed template. In addition, for the first time, the diffeomorphic mapping is formulated within a decision-theoretic scheme based on Bayesian modeling in which an empirical shape prior is characterized by a low dimensional Gaussian distribution on initial momentum. This is achieved using principal component analysis (PCA) to construct the eigenspace of the initial momentum. A likelihood function is formulated as the conditional probability of observing surfaces given any particular value of the initial momentum, which is modeled as a random field of vector-valued measures characterizing the geometry of surfaces. We define the diffeomorphic mapping as a problem that maximizes a posterior distribution of the initial momentum given observable surfaces over the eigenspace of the initial momentum. We demonstrate the stability of the initial momentum eigenspace when altering training samples using a bootstrapping method.

The EOS 2D/3D system presented here is a new, low-dose, orthopedic radiodiagnostic device based on Nobel prize-winning X-ray detection technology with special software for 3D surface reconstruction capabilities that finally led to a breakthrough in scoliosis diagnosis with high-quality, realistic buy PLX4032 3D visualization and accurate quantitative parametric analysis. A new concept introducing vertebra vectors and vertebra vector parametric calculations is introduced that furnishes simplified visual and intelligible mathematical information facilitating interpretation

of EOS 2D/3D data, especially with regard to the horizontal plane top view images. The concept is demonstrated by a reported scoliotic case that was readily characterized through information derived from vertebra

vectors alone, supplemented with the current angulation measurement methods in the coronal and sagittal planes and axial vertebral rotation measurements in the horizontal plane, with a calibrated 3D coordinate system suitable for inter-individual comparisons. The new concept of vertebra vectors may serve as a basis for a truly 3D classification of scoliosis.”
“Introduction: To explore the feasibility JAK inhibitor of coupling dried blood spot (DBS) technique with ELISA for the quantification of large molecules, exenatide was used as a model. A method for the quantification of exenatide in human blood was developed

and evaluated. Methods: Exenatide standard and quality control samples prepared in fresh human blood were www.selleckchem.com/products/crenolanib-cp-868596.html spotted on DBS cards and then extracted. The extraction conditions were optimized by comparing different extraction solutions, with/without protease inhibitors, and various incubation times. A competitive ELISA assay was used for quantification of exenatide from DBS samples. Results: The assay range of exenatide standards in blood was 100-5000 pg/mL. The intra-assay precision (%CV) was from 1.2% to 16.3%, and the accuracy (%Recovery) was from 87.5% to 117.0%. The inter assay precision (%CV) was from 1.7% to 14.3%, and the accuracy was from 95.0% to 115.5%. All the above assay parameters met acceptance criteria. Furthermore, the storage stability of exenatide on DBS cards was tested at ambient temperature as well as at 4 C and 70 C. and it was found that change of storage temperature did not affect the stability of exenatide significantly. Discussion: Our results demonstrated a successful coupling of DBS technique with ELISA for quantification of exenatide in human blood, and the DBS-ELISA combination has a great potential to be further applied for the quantification of other large molecule drugs or biomarkers. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“This Review explores contemporary circulatory support in profound postinfarction cardiogenic shock.

Available evidence from case reports, cell lines, and clinical isolates favors the interpretation that regenerating

tissue promotes the growth of active, high-grade tumor. In contrast, dormant cancer cells do not appear to be activated by the complex signals accompanying wound healing and tissue regeneration, suggesting that engineered tissue reconstruction should be deferred until cancer remission has been firmly established.”
“We assessed the association APR-246 molecular weight between several cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs) (blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, and glucose) in 390 young adults aged 19-20 years in Seychelles (Indian Ocean, Africa) and body mass index (BMI) measured either at the same time (cross-sectional analysis) or at the age of 12-15 years (longitudinal analysis). BMI tracked markedly between age of 12-15 and age of 19-20. BMI was strongly associated with all considered CRFs in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, with some exceptions. Comparing overweight participants with those having a BMI below the age-specific median, the odds ratios for high blood pressure were 5.4/4.7 (male/female) cross-sectionally buy VX-809 and 2.5/3.9 longitudinally (P < 0.05). Significant associations were also found for most other CRFs, with some exceptions. In linear regression analysis including both BMI at age of 12-15

and BMI at age of 19-20, only BMI at age of 19-20 remained significantly associated with most CRFs. We conclude that CRFs are predicted strongly by either current or past BMI levels in adolescents and young adults in this population. The observation that only current BMI remained associated with CRFs when including past and current levels together suggests that weight control at

a later age may be effective in reducing CRFs in overweight children irrespective of selleck chemical past weight status.”
“Dilute-nitride GaNSb bulk materials with up to 1.4% nitrogen were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaSb substrates. Hall measurements indicate residual hole concentrations of nearly 10(19) cm(-3) at room temperature, but a decrease to below 10(16) cm(-3) and a hole mobility of 1300 cm(2)/V s at 4.5 K for a sample with 0.6% nitrogen. Photoluminescence (PL) and optical absorption measurements demonstrate a bandgap reduction by up to 300 meV with increasing nitrogen incorporation. The experimental absorption spectra are well fit by a functional dependence corresponding to direct allowed optical transitions, and the PL spectra are also consistent with that interpretation. Room temperature carrier relaxation times in the picosecond range are measured using an ultrafast PL upconversion technique. c 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3055273]“
“Hydrogels are an important class of highly hydrated polymers that are widely investigated for potential use in soft tissue engineering.

Inducibility was not associated with age at presentation, age at

TEEPS, ventricular dysfunction at presentation, presence of structural congenital heart disease, number of drugs required to initially control SVT, or SVT recurrence after initial control. Of 15 not inducible at TEEPS, none had known SVT recurrence off medications at median follow-up of 27 months (6-37 months). In conclusion, GKT137831 among patients having SVT in early infancy, (1) TEEPS results are not associated with clinical variables, (2) non-inducibility is a good indicator of lack of clinical recurrence at intermediate follow-up, and (3) AVNRT may be more prevalent in infancy than previously reported.”
“Background Early detection QNZ nmr and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors produces significant clinical benefits, but no consensus exists on optimal screening algorithms. This study aimed to evaluate the comparative and cost-effectiveness of staged laboratory-based and non-laboratory-based total CVD risk assessment.

Methods and Results We used receiver operating characteristic curve and cost-effectiveness modeling methods to compare strategies with and without laboratory components and used single-stage and multistage algorithms, including approaches

based on Framingham risk scores (laboratory-based assessments for all individuals). Analyses were conducted using data from 5998 adults in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey without history of CVD using 10-year CVD death as the main outcome. A microsimulation model projected lifetime costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), MK-1775 and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for 60 Framingham-based, non-laboratory-based, and staged screening approaches. Across strategies, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.774 to 0.780 in men and 0.812 to 0.834 in women.

There were no statistically significant differences in area under the receiver operating characteristic curve between multistage and Framingham-based approaches. In cost-effectiveness analyses, multistage strategies had incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of $52 000/QALY and $83 000/QALY for men and women, respectively. Single-stage/Framingham-based strategies were dominated (higher cost and lower QALYs) or had unattractive incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (>$300 000/QALY) compared with single-stage/non-laboratory-based and multistage approaches.

Conclusions Non-laboratory-based CVD risk assessment can be useful in primary CVD prevention as a substitute for laboratory-based assessments or as the initial component of a multistage approach. Cost-effective multistage screening strategies could avoid 25% to 75% of laboratory testing used in CVD risk screening with predictive power comparable with Framingham risks.

Electrophysiological assessment demonstrated prolonged field potential

rise time in the ARVC-hiPSC-CMs. Transmission electron microscopy identified widened and distorted desmosomes in the ARVC-hiPSC-CMs. Clusters of lipid droplets were identified in PF-00299804 manufacturer the ARVC-CMs that displayed the more severe desmosomal pathology. This finding was associated with upregulation of the proadipogenic transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-. Exposure of the cells to apidogenic stimuli augmented desmosomal distortion and lipid accumulation. The latter phenomenon was prevented by application of a specific inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (6-bromoindirubin-3′-oxime).

Conclusions This study highlights the unique potential of the hiPSC technology for modeling inherited cardiac disorders in general and ARVC specifically. The hiPSC-CMs were

demonstrated to recapitulate the ARVC phenotype in the dish, provide mechanistic insights into early disease pathogenesis, and provide a unique platform for drug discovery and testing in this disorder.”
“In the chronic phase of myocardial infarction, the www.selleckchem.com/products/jph203.html presence of scar areas allows the development of macro-reentries which become the most frequent mechanism underlying ventricular tachycardia (VT). A focal mechanism has been already described in the presence of scar in animal models or in humans but only

during surgery. We report a case of focal automatic Autophagy Compound Library datasheet VT arising from postinfarction scar fibrosis, successfully mapped and ablated during an electro-physiological procedure. (PACE 2010; 904-906).”
“There are several studies in the literature regarding the equation of state of alumina-epoxy composites. Although these single component systems interact in a complex manner with shock waves, the addition of a second metal or ceramic particulate can result in even more complex interactions. This paper presents the shock equation of state results on a multi-phase composite Al-MnO2-epoxy. Equation of state experiments were conducted using three different loading techniques-single stage light gas gun, two stage light gas gun, and explosive loading-with multiple diagnostic techniques. The U-s-u(p) relationship is shown to be linear, with deviations from linearity at low, and possibly high, pressures due to the behavior of the epoxy binder. The experimental equation of state data is compared to volume averaged and mesoscale mixture models. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3357314]“
“Background Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Given that a family history is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease, genetic variants are thought to contribute directly to the development of this condition.

EBUS-TBNA was performed for a 59-year old man with Galardin inhibitor mediastinal adenopathy 8 years after left pneumonectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. A single-needle pass produced

an adequate cytology and histology sample, and the lesion was diagnosed as small-cell lung cancer. The procedure itself was uneventful, but the patient developed a nightly fever after the biopsy. Finally, he was readmitted, and intravenous antibiotic therapy was required for 4 weeks to treat a mediastinal infection after EBUS-TBNA before chemotherapy for small-cell lung cancer.”
“Objective: To determine the compliance with and tolerance of nasal saline irrigation in children. Study design: Phone survey.

Setting: Tertiary pediatric hospital.

Methods: Children diagnosed with nasal congestion and rhinorrhea from sinusitis, chronic rhinitis or allergic rhinitis were identified. Children who were prescribed a therapeutic course of nasal saline, who were instructed

how to administer the treatment and who were available for follow up were included. Parents were contacted by phone and asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their child’s experience with nasal saline irrigation.

Results: Selleckchem A-1210477 61 Children met inclusion criteria. 73% of parents initially thought that nasal saline irrigation would be helpful, but only 28% thought that their children would tolerate the treatment. 93% of children made an attempt to use nasal saline irrigation and 86% were able to tolerate the treatment. 84% of parents whose children attempted nasal saline irrigation noted an improvement in their child’s nasal symptoms. 77% of children that attempted nasal saline irrigation continue to use this treatment for symptom relief. 93% reported an improvement in their child’s overall health that they attributed to this treatment.

Conclusions: Perhaps the biggest barrier to routine recommendation of nasal saline irrigation in children is the assumption by both parents and physicians that children will not tolerate it. However, this study demonstrates that the majority of children, regardless of age, were judged by their parents

to tolerate nasal saline irrigation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Xylitol is a widely studied sugar with therapeutic properties and is effective against microorganisms. Despite a variety of toxicological data Adavosertib being available about this compound, dermal toxicological tests cannot be found. Here, the aim was to carry out in vivo assays to verify xylitol skin application safety. Primary dermal irritation studies were done with rabbits using 5 and 10% (w/w) xylitol, in either cream or gel form. Phototoxicity assays were also performed with guinea pigs, using only 10% (w/w) xylitol, in both forms. Primary dermal irritation studies revealed that xylitol topically used (5 and 10%) did not induce erythema or edema formation, but did show phototoxicity properties.

Butadiene-acrylonitrile (NBR) rubber mix was used to show that the ultrasonic technique is applicable for other rubber Compounds. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, buy Navitoclax Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 112: 366-371, 2009″
“The effect

of inserting an ultrathin Gd layer (1-2 nm) in the free layer of a Permalloy-based spin valve has been investigated. In the current in-plane configuration, samples with Gd show a reduced magnetoresistance (MR) value, which tends to zero as Gd gets closer to the nonmagnetic spacer, although good MR values can be sustained when Gd is more than 5 nm away from the spacer. We studied also the effect of adding thin Fe layers around Gd in order to avoid Gd diffusion within the Permalloy. Samples with an Fe/Gd/Fe trilayer inserted in the free layer show some improvement at low temperatures over those without Fe, although the Fe introduces some detrimental additional

{Selleck Anti-infection Compound Library|Selleck Antiinfection Compound Library|Selleck Anti-infection Compound Library|Selleck Antiinfection Compound Library|Selleckchem Anti-infection Compound Library|Selleckchem Antiinfection Compound Library|Selleckchem Anti-infection Compound Library|Selleckchem Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library|buy Anti-infection Compound Library|Anti-infection Compound Library ic50|Anti-infection Compound Library price|Anti-infection Compound Library cost|Anti-infection Compound Library solubility dmso|Anti-infection Compound Library purchase|Anti-infection Compound Library manufacturer|Anti-infection Compound Library research buy|Anti-infection Compound Library order|Anti-infection Compound Library mouse|Anti-infection Compound Library chemical structure|Anti-infection Compound Library mw|Anti-infection Compound Library molecular weight|Anti-infection Compound Library datasheet|Anti-infection Compound Library supplier|Anti-infection Compound Library in vitro|Anti-infection Compound Library cell line|Anti-infection Compound Library concentration|Anti-infection Compound Library nmr|Anti-infection Compound Library in vivo|Anti-infection Compound Library clinical trial|Anti-infection Compound Library cell assay|Anti-infection Compound Library screening|Anti-infection Compound Library high throughput|buy Antiinfection Compound Library|Antiinfection Compound Library ic50|Antiinfection Compound Library price|Antiinfection Compound Library cost|Antiinfection Compound Library solubility dmso|Antiinfection Compound Library purchase|Antiinfection Compound Library manufacturer|Antiinfection Compound Library research buy|Antiinfection Compound Library order|Antiinfection Compound Library chemical structure|Antiinfection Compound Library datasheet|Antiinfection Compound Library supplier|Antiinfection Compound Library in vitro|Antiinfection Compound Library cell line|Antiinfection Compound Library concentration|Antiinfection Compound Library clinical trial|Antiinfection Compound Library cell assay|Antiinfection Compound Library screening|Antiinfection Compound Library high throughput|Anti-infection Compound high throughput screening| roughness. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3173580]“
“The interaction of sodium chloride with Fluoroperm92 contact lens has been investigated using several techniques. Results indicate adhesion of sodium chloride to the methacrylate and fluorine sites of the lens resulting to zones of excess salt concentration. Na(+) and Cl(-) ions appear to be Pushed toward the polymer by water molecules, which favor the bulk water structures. Further inference is that lens with more free water leads to localized spots of drying resulting to sites for lipid deposition and lens spoilage. The changes in refractive index of the lens due to salt adhesion correlate well with the free volume. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 112: 372-380, 2009″
“Introduction Prostate cancer is the most common solid cancer affecting men in Ireland. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) biopsies of the prostate are routinely performed S3I-201 inhibitor to diagnose prostate cancer. They are, in general, a safe procedure but are associated with a significant risk of infective complications ranging from fever, urinary tract infection to severe urosepsis. At present, there are no recommended national guidelines on the use of antibiotic prophylaxis to minimise the risk of infective

complications post-TRUS biopsy.

Aim To review the antibiotic prophylaxis for TRUS biopsy used in Irish hospitals.

Method We used a standard telephone questionnaire to establish what antibiotic protocol is in use in each hospital.

Results 40 hospitals were contacted, of which 29 perform TRUS biopsies. In the majority of hospitals, TRUS biopsies are carried out in the radiology department. All hospitals administer antibiotic prophylaxis but there is wide variation in the protocols used. There are five different antibiotics prescribed, ciprofloxacin being the most common. Treatment protocols vary from 1 to 10 days antibiotic cover post procedure.

Conclusion There is a lack of standardisation of antibiotic prophylaxis in Irish hospitals.

001). The primary differences existed between

the control and all the other CLEs, as well as between the MCT CLE and all other CLEs. Correlation analysis showed an inverse relationship between the amount of remnants remaining after digestion and the sugars released from the CLE (p=0.004 and p=0.014). This research indicates that adding fat to a carbohydrate food will increase the digestibility of starch and release of sugars from the food which may impact on glycemic response. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd.”
“BaAlxOy:Eu2+,Dy3+ blue-green phosphor samples were synthesized by a combustion method at the low temperature of 500 degrees C. Phosphor nanocrystallites with high brightness were obtained without significantly changing the crystalline structure of the host. The crystallite sizes determined from the Scherrer PCI-34051 in vivo equation ranged between 34 and 41 nm. Different volume fractions of the BaAlxOy:Eu2+,Dy3+ powder were then introduced in LDPE polymer. The resulting composites were similarly analyzed and also thermally characterized by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). PL results indicate that the LDPE-phosphor interface, which is considered to have an influence on the composite behavior, did not significantly change the spectral positions of the phosphor materials, whose major emission peaks occurred at about 505 nm. The improved afterglow results

for the composites may have been Metabolism inhibitor cancer caused by morphological PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor 3 chemical structure changes due to increased surface area and defects. Thermal results indicate that the BaAlxOy:Eu2+,Dy3+ particles acted as nucleating centers and enhanced the overall crystallinity in the LDPE nanocomposite while preventing lamellar growth, hence reducing the crystallite sizes in LDPE. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 121: 243-252, 2011″
“Objective. Clinicians often face the question

of “”whether cysts heal nonsurgically.”" The traditional clinical and radiographic methods are only empirical in nature. The only method available was histopathological biopsy. But once a biopsy is taken, the treatment no longer remains a nonsurgical method.

Study design. On the basis of recent clinical studies, 3 periapical lesions were mapped with the help of computed tomography and ultrasound and were diagnosed as periapical cystic lesions. The cases were treated with nonsurgical root canal therapy.

Results and conclusions. The cases responded favorably to nonsurgical therapy. Reevaluation with computed tomography and ultrasound revealed adequate healing of the periapical lesions. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010;109:917-923)”
“Smad2 and Smad3, the intracellular mediators of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling, are directly phosphorylated by the activated type I receptor kinase, and then shuttle from the cytoplasm into the nucleus to regulate target gene expression.

The dielectric behavior under dc bias and the evolution of the hysteresis loop with increasing electric field for 3/75/25 indicate an electric field-induced phase transition, and it is proposed that the unstable intermediate ferroelectric state which would experience obvious field-induced phase transition is the origin of the giant electro-optic Kerr effect observed in La-doped PMN-PT

3/75/25. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3646553]“
“Radiation induced lung damage is a main dose limiting factor when irradiating the thorax. Although Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a valuable tool for studying the mechanisms in pulmonary disorders, there are only a few studies about the BAL findings of radiation-induced lung damage. We evaluate the BAL findings for the evaluation of radiation-induced lung damage. Sprague-Dawley Nirogacestat Neuronal Signaling inhibitor rats received 20 Gy of radiation to the right lung and control group were sham irradiated. BAL was performed for the right and left lungs separately 3. 7, 14, 28, and 56 days after radiation. The cells in the BAL fluid were counted and the concentrations of protein, NO, and TGF-beta in the BAL fluid were measured. Lung tissues were removed after BAL and stained with hematoxylin-eosin

(H-E) and trichrome. From 2 weeks, histological findings showed definite lung damage. The protein level and TGF-beta in BAL fluid from the Oligomycin A order irradiated lung peaked at 4 and 8 weeks, respectively, after radiation. Total cell count in BAL fluid from both sides of lungs was increased from 2 weeks and continued to increase at 8 weeks after LY2606368 irradiation. NO in BAL fluid from both sides of lungs peaked at 4 weeks after irradiation. The protein level and TGF-beta were increased in BAL fluid from irradiated lungs. However, alveolar cells and NO increased in BAL fluid from both irradiated and non-irradiated

lungs. BAL is a valuable tool for the evaluation of radiation induced lung damage.”
“The polypropylene-grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PP-MWCNTs) were produced from the reaction of PP containing the hydroxyl groups and MWCNTs having 2-bromoisobutyryl groups. The PP-MWCNTs had a significantly rougher surface than the original MWCNTs. PP-MWCNTs had PP layers of thickness 10-15 nm on the outer walls of the MWCNTs. PP/PP-MWCNT composites and PP/MWCNT composites were prepared by solution mixing in o-xylene. Unlike PP/MWCNT composites, PP-MWCNTs were homogeneously dispersed in the PP matrix. As a consequence, the thermal stability and conductivity of PP/PP-MWCNT composites were dramatically improved even if only 1 wt % of PP-MWNTs was added to the PP matrix. The good miscibility of PP and PP-MWCNTs plays a critical role in the formation of the homogeneous composites and leads the high thermal stability and conductivity. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.