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“We examined the potential influence of climate anomalies in expanding the geographical and seasonal range of seafood-borne illnesses from Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus. Archived climate data from areas of implicated seafood production were obtained from various sources, including in situ monitoring devices and satellite imagery. The geographical expansion of V. parahaemolyticus outbreaks into Peru and Alaska corresponded closely with climate anomalies such as El Nino, which brought

large masses of abnormally warm water into these regions. Seasonal expansion of V. vulnificus illnesses associated with oysters harvested from the Gulf of Mexico in April and November correspond with warmer water temperatures learn more (> 20 degrees C) recorded during these months since 1998. This retrospective review indicates that climate anomalies have already greatly expanded the risk area and season for vibrio illnesses and suggest that these events

can be forecasted. Certainly, when similar circumstances occur in the future, adjustments 3-deazaneplanocin A in industry practices and regulatory policy should be considered, especially for seafood that is consumed raw, such as bivalve mollusks. Published by Elsevier Ltd.”
“Background and aims: Normal weight obesity (NWO) is defined as an excessive body fat associated with a normal body mass index (BMI) and has been associated with early inflammation, but its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors await investigation.

Methods and results: Cross-sectional study including 3213 women and 2912 men aged 35-75 years to assess the clinical characteristics o NWO in Lausanne, Switzerland. Body fat was assessed by bioimpedance. NWO was defined as a BMI <25 kg/m(2) and a % body fat > = 66(th) gender-specific percentiles. The prevalence of NWO was 5.4% in women and less than 3% in men, so the analysis was restricted to women. NWO women had a higher % of body fat than overweight women. After adjusting for age, smoking, educational level, physical activity and alcohol

consumption, NWO women had higher blood pressure and lipid levels and a higher prevalence of dyslipidaemia (odds-ratio 1.90 [1.34-2.68]) and fasting hyperglycaemia (odds-ratio = 1.63 [1.10-2.42]) than lean women, whereas Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Library screening no differences were found between NWO and overweight women. Conversely, no differences were found between NWO and lean women regarding levels of CRP, acliponectin and liver markers (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and gamma glutamyl transferase). Using other definitions of NWO led to similar conclusions, albeit some differences were no longer significant.

Conclusion: NWO is almost nonexistent in men. Women with NWO present with higher cardiovascular risk factors than lean women, while no differences were found for liver orinflammatory markers. Specific screening of NWO might be necessary in order to implement cardiovascular prevention.