“
“The treatment of upper urinary tract stone with flexible ureteroscopy is safe and efficient. According to the size and the localization of stone, it is the first-line treatment. The patient must be informed about modalities and risks of this treatment. Urines must be sterile. The fragmentation of stone is made with the energy of Laser Holmium. The knowledge of material and technique allows to obtain a complete treatment in about 80% of cases. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.”
“Isoniazid (INH) is a key drug ingredient in the fixed dose combination for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). INH is highly soluble in aqueous medium and also stable in pure form,

but it undergoes degradation when it is part of the FDC due to cross reactions. In continuation of our studies to GSK461364 concentration Cediranib concentration improve the physiochemical properties of INH, we performed a cocrystal screen with pharmaceutically acceptable molecules

selected from the generally regarded as safe (GRAS). Cocrystals with acidic conformers, such as vanillic acid (VLA), ferulic acid (FRA), caffeic acid (CFA), as well as with hydroxyl coformer resorcinol (RES), are reported. INHVLA and INHFRA are dimorphic, and INHCFA is trimorphic. Form-1 of INHFRA and INHVLA are two-dimensional isostructural. All cocrystal structures are sustained by the expected acidpyridine synthon, except the isostructural cocrystals which have the hydroxylpyridine synthon. The cocrystal forms were tested in accelerated ICH conditions of 40 degrees C and 75% RH for stability, and it was found that all the solid forms are stable for a test period of six months, except the INHRES cocrystal. Slurry conditions and grinding experiments suggest that Form-2 of INHFRA and INHVLA have good stability, and Form-1 of INHCFA is the most stable crystalline form of INH.”
“Objective:

To assess the quality of informed consent for patients undergoing invasive procedures and to reveal patient preferences for being informed about the potential risks of treatment and alternatives to treatment. Design: This studywas planned as a pilot Cyclosporin A clinical trial study. Hospitalized patients’ perceptions and expectations about the informed-consent process were explored in a general surgery department. The prepared questionnaire was completed by patients via interview. Setting: Inpatient services of the general surgery department of a large academic hospital in Istanbul, Turkey. Participants: The study population consisted of hospitalized patients in a general surgery department who underwent invasive procedures in March 2013. Main outcome measures: Recognition of consent forms by the patients, rate of patients’ recall of risks, rate of patients who were willing to be involved in decision making, and rate of patients who were satisfied with the whole decision-making process were measured. Results: All patients signed consent forms.