Smoking abstinence Smoking abstinence was assessed using biochemically verified www.selleckchem.com/products/Abiraterone.html self-report at Week 7 and Week 26. If participants reported that they had not smoked ��any cigarettes at all�� in the past seven days, 7-day point prevalence smoking abstinence was confirmed using tests for salivary cotinine (<15ng/ml). Baseline measures Participants provided demographic, psychosocial, tobacco-specific, and health information at baseline. Standardized demographic questionnaires were used to document age, gender, relationship status, income, employment, and education. Participants reported cpd, whether they smoked menthol or non-menthol cigarettes, and number of quit attempts in the past year. Nicotine dependence was assessed using the Fagerstr?m Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND; Heatherton, Kozlowski, Frecker, & Fagerstr?m, 1991).

The FTND consists of six items including time to first cigarette after waking and cpd; scores range from 0�C10 with higher scoring indicating greater dependence. Smoking within 30 mins of waking is indicative of significant nicotine dependence. Additionally, participants�� salivary cotinine levels were assessed. Symptoms of depression were assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10; Cole, Rabin, Smith, & Kaufman, 2004). Analyses Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 18. Participant characteristics and smoking history are summarized in Table 1.

Two sample t tests and chi-square analyses were conducted to determine if there were significant demographic, psychosocial, and tobacco-specific differences between participants who perceived their treatment group assignment to be bupropion and those who perceived their assignment to be placebo. A chi-square test was conducted to determine whether there were significant differences between the bupropion assigned group and the placebo assigned group on their perceptions of treatment assignment. The association between perceived treatment assignment (assessed at Week 7) and smoking abstinence at Week 7 and Week 26 was investigated using multiple logistic regression. Initially actual treatment assignment was regressed on verified smoking abstinence, followed by adding perceived group assignment, then adding the interaction between perceived group assignment and actual treatment assignment. Table 1.

Participant Baseline Characteristics Results Participants Of the 540 participants enrolled in the clinical trial and randomized to the treatment and placebo groups, 393 participants returned for the end-of-treatment (Week 7) survey, with 390 reporting their perceived treatment assignment. The sample was predominantly female (63.1%), AV-951 48.1 years of age (SD = 11.2), and smoked 8 cpd (SD = 2.5). Further, 70.3% smoked within 30 mins of waking, and 81.3% smoked mentholated cigarettes.