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“Objectives: Anorexia nervosa (AN), a disorder of unknown etiology, has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disorder. Drawing the brain metabolic pattern of AN may help to target the core biological and psychological features of the disorder and to perfect the diagnosis and recovery criteria. In this study, we used F-18-FDG PET to show brain metabolic network for AN.\n\nMethods: Glucose metabolism in 6 AN patients and 12 age-matched healthy controls was studied

using F-18-FDG PET. SPM2 was used to compare brain metabolism in AN patients with that in healthy controls. Four of 6 AN patients took deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeted Selleckchem S63845 in nucleus accumbens (NAcc). About 3 to 6 months after the surgery, the 4 AN patients took another F-18-FDG PET scan to assess the change in brain glucose metabolism.\n\nResults: The SPM (statistical parametric mapping) analysis showed hypermetabolism in the frontal lobe (bilateral,

BA10, BA11, BA47), the limbic lobe (bilateral, see more hippocampus, and amygdala), lentiform nucleus (bilateral), left insula (BA13), and left subcallosal gyrus (BA25). It also showed hypometabolism in the parietal lobe (bilateral, BA7, BA40). The hypermetabolism in frontal lobe, hippocampus, and lentiform nucleus decreased after NAcc-DBS.\n\nConclusions: The changes in brain glucose metabolism illustrated the brain metabolic pattern in AN patients. Furthermore, the pattern can be modulated by NAcc-DBS, which selleck screening library confirmed specificity of the pattern. The regions with altered metabolism could interconnect to form a network and integrate information related to appetite. Our study may provide information for targeting the potential candidate brain regions for understanding the pathophysiology of AN and assessing the effects of existing and future treatment approaches.”
“Recent studies indicated that andrographolide was a potential antihyperlipidaemic therapeutic agent. In

the paper, the synthesis of a series of andrographolide derivatives was described and their antihyperlipidaemic activities were evaluated in vivo. As compared with TG, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C concentrations, some of the derivatives exhibited better antihyperlipidaemic effects than positive control atromide. Therein, compound 6i, which was the most potent compound, could serve as a new lead for further development of antihyperlipidaemic agents.”
“In this work we investigate a diffusive Gierer-Meinhardt system with gene expression time delays in the production of activators and inhibitors, and also a saturation in the activator production, which was proposed by Seirin Lee et al. (2010) [10]. We rigorously consider the basic kinetic dynamics of the Gierer-Meinhardt system with saturation.