“
“Objective: Radial artery harvesting has been questioned because of purported long-term circulatory consequences. Previous midterm Doppler ultrasonographic results are inconsistent regarding ulnar arterial effects. Flow-mediated vasodilatation more sensitively measures response to shear stress as index of arterial reactivity and function.
Methods: We contacted 231 patients who had undergone radial artery harvesting at least 10 years previously (mean follow-up, 12.9 +/- 0.8 years). Subcohort of 25 volunteers (mean age, 69.2 +/- 8.4 years) underwent ultrasonographic evaluation of ipsilateral (harvest) and contralateral (control) ulnar arteries. Flow-mediated
vasodilatation compared changes in ulnar arterial diameters before and after occlusion.
Results: In subcohort, peak systolic velocity of harvest ulnar artery was 0.82 +/- 0.15 m/s, versus 0.63 +/- 0.23 m/s this website on control side (P < .001), with no differences in intimomedial thickness (P = .763) or presence of atherosclerotic plaques (P = .364). Baseline diameter of harvest ulnar artery was 3.0 +/- 0.5 mm, versus 2.7
+/- 0.6 mm on control side (P = .007). Postocclusion diameter of harvest ulnar artery was 3.2 +/- 0.5 mm, versus 2.9 +/- 0.6 mm on control side (P = .001). No differences were seen check details in preocclusion and postocclusion absolute and percentage changes in ulnar arterial diameter (Table 1).
Conclusions: Despite increased shear stress, no deterioration in either ulnar arterial structure or functional reactivity was measured by flow-mediated vasodilatation more than 10 years after radial artery harvesting. With appropriate preoperative evaluation, radial arterial grafting for coronary artery bypass grafting is not associated with long-term donor limb vascular
insufficiency. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011;142:298-301)”
“Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is the central regulator of gonadotropins, which stimulate gonadal function. Hypothalamic neurons that produce kisspeptin and neurokinin B stimulate GnRH release. Inactivating mutations in the genes Lapatinib encoding the human kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R, formerly called GPR54), neurokinin B (TAC3), and the neurokinin B receptor (TACR3) result in pubertal failure. However, human kisspeptin loss-of-function mutations have not been described, and contradictory findings have been reported in Kiss1-knockout mice. We describe an inactivating mutation in KISS1 in a large consanguineous family that results in failure of pubertal progression, indicating that functional kisspeptin is important for puberty and reproduction in humans. (Funded by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [TUBITAK] and others.)”
“Repetition is a central phenomenon of behavior, and researchers have made extensive use of it to illuminate psychological functioning.