MSCs dampen effector T-cell response while promoting the emergence of regulatory T cells. By skewing this balance, MSC could represent the ideal strategy for tolerance induction in organ transplantation. Here we review recent evidence on the efficacy of MSC-based therapy in experimental models of solid organ transplantation as well as the early clinical experiences in kidney transplantation.

Recent findings

MSC infusion in experimental models of solid organ transplantation resulted in a Treg-mediated tolerance. MSC also synergized with low-dose or transient pharmacological immunosuppression in inducing long-term graft survival

indicating Lonafarnib that these cells could allow safe minimization of maintenance drug therapy. Early results from clinical studies in kidney transplant recipients reported encouraging results on the immunoregulatory effect of MSC, although posttransplant MSC infusion could associate with acute graft dysfunction (engraftment syndrome).

Summary

Immunoregulatory functions of MSC are not fixed but rather the result of microenvironment they encounter in vivo. Further studies

are needed to establish how and wherein these cells have to be administered and how they may function to safely modulate host immune response in vivo in clinical transplant setting.”
“Objectives. To prospectively evaluate the technical feasibility and efficacy of wedged arterial injection (WAI) as a potential MEK162 solubility dmso route for experimental selective therapy to the LDN-193189 in vivo pancreas of healthy pigs. Materials and Methods. Selective angiographies were completed in ten pigs under general anaesthesia. By superselective angiography, the catheter was inserted and wedged into the major pancreatic artery, blocking the blood flow. In order to evaluate the efficacy of the WAI method, a DNA-specific fluorescent dye (Hoechst 33258) was used. Results. Histological study revealed a uniform distribution of the fluorescent dye within the nuclei of the endocrine

and exocrine pancreatic cells. Pancreatic and liver enzymes as well as histopathology of the pancreas were normal. Conclusion. WAI is a highly effective minimally invasive methodology to target the porcine pancreas. The findings suggest that WAI may contribute to developing preclinical assays of pancreas gene or cell-transfer therapies in swine model.”
“We describe the effect of a radio-frequency (rf) power application on the performance of a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) electrical power generator, as determined through shock-tunnel-based experiments and quasi-three-dimensional numerical simulations. The temporal plasma-fluid behavior, the one-dimensional plasma-fluid structure, the enthalpy-entropy diagram, the quality of the energy conversion efficiency, and the energy flow in the power-generating system are investigated.