In order to design a novel and effective vaccine, it is neverless essential to gain a comprehensive understanding of the immune responses elicited in host upon vaccination. To date, most Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries of the studies of the teleost immune system have focused on head kidney or and spleen. How ever, the vertebrate liver has recently been recognized as an essential immune organ, accommodating a variety of cell types, including those primarily involved in immune activities. Since the liver receives blood from both the systemic circulation and the intes tine, it is exposed to a wide array of antigens. Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries Therefore, its immune related cellular components can manifest a broad range of immune reactions. For example, the liver lymphocyte population includes both innate im mune cells and adaptive immune cells I or II.
As such, different infectious pathogens would be expected to induce dis tinctive profiles of immune responses in the liver, which might be Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries manipulated to create specific and ef fective therapeutic strategies. Several methods exist by which Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries to determine the com prehensive transcriptomic profile of a pathogen specific immune response, including microarray and quantitative real time PCR. However, the high throughput RNA sequencing technology offers several advantages over the other profiling applications. Not only is RNA seq independent on predefined probes, which facilitates the discovery of new transcript variants, but the sequence platform also produces low back ground noise, which allow for distinction between closely homologous genes and detection of weakly expressed transcripts.
In addition, concurrent advances in the bioinformatic algorithms used to analyze the RNA seq data have allowed for better interpretation of the whole transcriptomic profile and provided further insights into complex molecular Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries processes. The RNA seq approach has already been successfully applied to several infectious disease models of zebrafish, in cluding zebrafish embryo infected with Salmonella, and adult zebrafish and embryos infected by Mycobac teria. In addition, other fish species infection models have been subjected to RNA seq analysis, includ ing large yellow croaker infected by Aeromonas hydrophila and Japanese seabass infected by Vibrio Harveyi, but the overall immune related transcription profiles have differed among species.
No reports exist in the literature of RNA seq technology sellekchem used to analyze the changes in an infected fish transcriptome profile induced upon vaccine treatment. Edwardsiellosis, caused by the gram negative Edward siella tarda, is currently one of the most economically disastrous infectious diseases affecting the global aqua culture industry. E. tarda displays polymorphic phe notypes and has a broad range of hosts from aquatic invertebrates to higher vertebrates, including birds, rep tiles, mammals, and even humans.