Complementation

of the gp350 knockout phenotype with CD21Ab substantially enhanced infection rates relative to Delta BLLF1 but remained sevenfold (Raji B-cell line) to sixfold (primary B cells) less efficient than with gp350. We therefore infer that gp350 mainly exerts its functions after the internalization step, presumably during release of the viral capsid from the endosomal compartment, and that CD21-dependent but also CD21-independent molecular mechanisms are involved in this process. The latter appear to be characteristic of B-cell infection since transfection of CD21 in 293 cells improved the infection rates with both Delta BLLF1-CD21Ab and Delta BLLF1-C to a similar extent.”
“The purpose

of this study was to evaluate the stereoselective pain relieving (antiallodynic) activity, antiallodynic anticonvulsant click here correlation, teratogenicity and pharmacokinetic profile of two find more stereoisomers of valnoctamide (VCD). a CNS-active amide derivative of a chiral isomer of valproic acid (VPA). The individual stereoisomers (diastereomers), (2R,3S)-VCD and (2S,3S)-VCD were synthesized and their antiallodynic activity was evaluated in rats using the spinal nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain. The pharmacokinetic profile of the two stereoisomers was evaluated in rats following: 1) i.p. administration of racemic-VCD, 2) i.p. administration of the individual stereoisomers (2R,3S)-VCD and (2S,3S)-VCD. Teratogenicity of racemic-VCD selleck chemicals and its two individual stereoisomers was evaluated in a SWV mouse strain known to be highly susceptible to VPA-induced teratogenicity. Racemic-VCD, (2R,35)-VCD and (2S,3S)VCD showed a dose-related reversal of tactile allodynia with ED50 values of 52, 61 and 39 mg/kg, respectively. (2S,35)-VCD was significantly more potent than (2R,3S)-VCD but the opposite is true for its anticonvulsant-effect. In the teratogenicity evaluation racemic-VCD and its

two individual stereoisomers showed mild embryotoxicity at doses 7-10 times higher than their antiallodynic-ED(50) values, while (2S,3S)-VCD was significantly less embryotoxic than (2R,3S)-VCD and racemic-VCD. Following administration of the racemic-VCD there was an increase in the primary pharmacokinetic parameters of (2S,3S)-VCD but not of (2R,3S)-VCD. This study demonstrates that both racemic-VCD and its stereoisomers show high potency as antiallodynic compounds and possess a wide safety margin. (2S,3S)-VCD is more potent and less embryotoxic than (2R,3S)-VCD and thus, has a potential to become a candidate for development as a new drug for treating neuropathic pain. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection causes substantial morbidity and some deaths in the young and elderly worldwide.