12 Though only approximately 50 published approach-avoidance
<

12 Though only approximately 50 published approach-avoidance

studies in sport and exercise psychology were reported by Stevenson,10 a number of approach-avoidance articles have appeared in the sport and exercise psychology literature since her review such that in a variety of contexts with a wide array of antecedents and consequences surrounding Elliot’s approach-avoidance goals.13, 14, 15 and 16 One specific area that has gained attention within the approach-avoidance achievement goal selleck kinase inhibitor literature is the relationship of Elliot and colleagues’ approach-avoidance goals to performance of tasks that were clearly presented as an outcome of importance and performed in front of others (i.e., the researchers or within a group setting) in sport and physical education contexts.3, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 and 32 Given the different types of measures combined with different settings (e.g., true golf score17 and 27 to laboratory golf putting22) to the vast array of study participants (e.g., university students22, 25 and 26 to elite athletes17, 20 and 31), no one consensus statement of the relationship exists between the approach-avoidance ZD1839 purchase achievement goals exits. Thus, the purpose of the present quantitative investigation was to summarize the approach-avoidance achievement goal and performance literature within normally considered psychology of sport

and PA settings. Based on the results, a secondary purpose was to provide recommendations for future research. Stemming from the dichotomous achievement goal framework4 there are two orientations by which achievement motivation is influenced, task and ego, and thereby how personal competency is judged. Individuals endorsing a task or mastery orientation are primarily motivated by personal mastery or improvement. Thus, these individuals reflect a self-referenced standard of personal achievement to gauge their personal competency for a desired behavior.

Conversely, an ego oriented person strives to win and is motivated to attain high normative standards of ability. Ego-oriented individuals judge success and failure on other-referenced standards and are motivationally “fragile” when they doubt Levetiracetam their own competence.33 While the dichotomous task and ego distinction relates to how competence is defined, the approach-avoidance dimension relates to how competence is valenced. This approach-avoidance dimension is the contribution of Elliot and colleagues.7 and 8 An approach valence indicates a behavior that is initiated by a positive or desirable event or possibility. In contrast, an avoidance valence indicates a behavior which is initiated by a negative or undesirable event or possibility.7 and 8 Thus, approach goals focus on attaining competence, whereas avoidance goals focus on avoiding incompetence.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

*

You may use these HTML tags and attributes: <a href="" title=""> <abbr title=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <cite> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <strike> <strong>